The most widely used herbicide used in pistachio orchards in Iran is glyphosate or Iranian Pistachio glyphosate, which is used to control a wide range of weeds in pistachio orchards, especially chicken, and is a non-selective herbicide. Young trees are very sensitive to glyphosate and care should be taken not to spill the herbicide on the leaves.

Non-chemical weed control

If your level of work is very high, you can let the weeds grow a little taller, then collect them with the help of a worker and give them to your livestock! In this case, weed seeds will not do you much harm. You will compensate for the amount of food that is stolen from your trees by increasing fertilization, and instead you have raised a number of livestock!

Another interesting way is to use poultry (especially chicken). If this is possible in your garden, you can leave some chickens and roosters in the garden. They will definitely control the weeds in your garden!

Pistachio psyllids or sugar on the surface of the leaves and in more advanced Iranian Pistachio stages of jaundice, drying andLeaf complexity and premature leaf shedding in pistachio trees. During an outbreakSevere pest in summer, if no fight is done, the damage will be more severeThe germination buds (germination nodes) will fall off next year. sometimesThe damage to the psyllids is so great that the sugar created can be found under the trees in addition to the leavesSevere defoliation in infected orchards is one of the common symptoms of pistachio psyllid damageIt is summer.

Dried oranges are one of the main and most popular types of orange fruit products, Iranian Pistachio which have a variety of types, including sugar-dried oranges, which have an excellent taste. Dried oranges using It is produced from brown sugar, which will not be a problem for people who also suffer from high blood sugar, and it is completely dietary and will not cause obesity.

This product has various salient features, the most important of which is its excellent quality and is produced using the best ingredients, which has led to an increase in the purchase of dried sugary orange slices in the market. Can be stored at both refrigerator and room temperature, and is very easy to store and can be used for a very long time compared to fresh oranges.

Regarding nitrogen fertilizer, it should be said: Due to the salinity of water Iranian Pistachio and soil in pistachio-rich areas, the type of fertilizer

Consumption chemicals should be used to modify the adverse effects of salinity and toxicity of sodium ions

Be chlorine. Among nitrogen fertilizers, urea despite 46% nitrogen for pistachio-rich soils

Which also have high lime is not suitable. Because this fertilizer is in alkaline environment

Decomposes and evaporates as ammonia as well as residual bicarbonate ions

Causes yellowing of trees and lack of other nutrients. Plant bulk nitrogen case

It absorbs its need in the form of nitrate and a small part in the form of ammonium

The reason for the possible low population of microorganisms in saline soil is the nitrogen uptake efficiency of

This fertilizer is very low. The best nitrogen fertilizers that are also acidic

Can be used for pistachio areas, ammonium nitrate with 33% nitrogen and sulfate

Ammonium is 21% nitrogen.

Given that 50% of nitrogen is ammonium nitrate fertilizer in the form of nitrate, its consumption in all

Land is especially suitable in heavy soils (but preferably 2 times) because 50% of

This fertilizer is ready to be absorbed and the remaining 50% of it to be absorbed by the population

Soil microbiology is dependent.

Strawberry is one of the most popular fruits that has a high supply and its dried Iranian Pistachio fruit is also very popular and considered. Dried strawberries have a high production by their experienced and reliable producers and are offered by these producers in bulk from production companies and are available to every buyer with the best buying and selling prices of the day.

Manufacturer of dried strawberries

5 important features of dried sugar strawberries

5 Important Features of Dried Strawberries Strawberries are dried in different ways in different ways and each of them is also very important. Dried sugar strawberry is one of the most delicious and interesting types of this dried fruit that has unique features. The most important features of this type of dried strawberries are the following:

They are very tasty and hygienically packaged

They have healing properties for the heart and prevent stroke

They treat high blood pressure

They are extremely effective in strengthening bones and teeth

It is extremely effective for pregnant women due to its abundant mineral salts, especially folate

These features are present in the highest, first-class and most organic type of dried sugar strawberries, based on which these special products can be easily prepared at any time at a reasonable price in sales and in the latest possible type. And made the best and most acceptable use of these high quality and delicious dried strawberries.

This system consumes less energy than other spring cold Iranian Pistachio protection systems

slow. It is also free of environmental pollution and easier to manage. In the well system

Selective reversal of impeller rotation inside a metal or cement well, cold air accumulation

Finds on the surface of the gardens move to the upper layers and outside the canopy of trees.

Selective reverse well system of brick type on quiet nights when there is no wind and

The sky is clear and uncloudy, the earth's heat is exaggerated by the long wavelength and due

The absence of obstacles that cause it to return to the ground leads to the cooling of the surrounding air

The ground becomes. As a result, the air near the ground is colder than the air due to heat loss

It rises above itself, so-called temperature inversion conditions have occurred. Intensity

This inversion depends on the temperature difference between the surface air and the top of the inversion layer. But

These conditions are the inversion of temperature at the level of a valley or at the level of a plain and exclusively at night.

Occurs. The gentle breeze raises the intensity of this inversion

Reduces. Because it causes the hot air above the inversion layer with the cold air below it

Combine layers. The well machine is based on different air densities at different operating temperatures

he does. The colder the air, the higher the density.

The market price of dried peach fruit is different these days. Buyers go to the Iranian Pistachio distribution center to buy this product in bulk. The export of dried peach fruit is increasing due to its high quality. The price of dried fruits, especially peach, is cheaper in distribution centers. Major buyers or stores try to buy the product they want from wholesalers.

The sellers of Peach Dried Fruit Distribution Center have provided a website to the public that there is no need for buyers to act in person. This site saves the buyer time and money. The purchase price of peach dried fruit in Tehran is mainly cheaper than the store for the customer. Dried Peach Distribution Centers We see different packages that are packaged in different sizes that have their own price.

Producers produce a large amount of dried peach fruit annually. This product is offered to the market with high quality. Export abroad and the great welcome of foreign buyers encourages our dear producers. It goes without saying that there are many customers in the country who are mainly They buy this product and offer it as a package to the dried fruit market or supermarkets or stores.

Dried orange chips shopping malls are trying to sell this product in the best Iranian Pistachio quality, and since the consumption of this product is increasing and there are many orange products in the market, today all sellers try to sell their capacities. Multiply itself so that there is no restriction in estimating the needs of applicants for the products of this product. There are various methods for buying dried orange chips that applicants in different parts of the country can prepare based on their access to each of these methods. The most important ways to buy orange chips are: Buy Dried Orange Chips Online Buy dried orange chips in person Each of these methods has different advantages and different applicants can use them. In any case, it can be said that choosing the best method has a great impact on determining the final price of these products, and if buyers can use online shopping methods, they will get the most benefits.

The time to start harvesting pistachios is when it is Iranian Pistachio colored in 30 to 40% of pistachio seeds

The thin skin on the brain has turned yellowish white. Must try percentage

Smiling seeds in pistachios should not exceed 15%. In cold pistachios, cold regions, percentage

Smiling is usually lower.

Depending on the climate of the garden area, the length of the period suitable for harvesting pistachios is between 5 to 15 days

is. In tropical regions this period is short and in cold regions the opportunity to harvest pistachios

The call is longer. Recently, with increasing health controls in Europe over residual toxins

And heavy metals in food have raised concerns for Iran's green kernels for export.

For example, a number of green brain shipments exported from Iran contain high amounts of

The rest was Pride. For this reason, now exporters of brains

The country's greens have become particularly sensitive to the horticultural origin of their pistachio supply.

The price of fresh pistachios has usually been 30 ounces in the past. - Hazelnut pistachio

Dry Smiling Anas 32 is usually used in contracts for the sale and purchase of raw pistachios, grain percentage effect

Adult insects to feed on buds located at the junction of the petiole with Iranian Pistachio the branch

They attack, making holes and short corridors in the middle of the wood. As a result of this

The buds, which should turn into branches and fruits next year, are destroyed. The larvae of this beetle

Under the bark of the dried branches of pistachio trees live and along with their nutrition

They create corridors.

Control time:

Simultaneously with the establishment of a complete insect on the buds in the first half of May, the chemical control

1- Phenytoin (worn) 1.5 liters per thousand

2- Fenitrothion (Sumition) 1.5 liters per thousand

Non-chemical control:

Integrated control includes physical measures such as timely pruning, keeping the garden clean,

Regular watering and proper nutrition. In this connection trapping with half branches

Dry pistachios from early October to late winter regularly and at intervals of 15 to 20 days and burn

Trap branches are effective in killing the eggs and larvae of this pest.

Cut all the aerial parts of pistachio trees that are somehow damaged or dry

Are and it is necessary to collect and burn them. In general, all branches

Pruned pistachio branches that are left on the garden surface or outside the garden or in

Places are kept near pistachio orchards, they need to be burned or

For industrial use, leave the pistachio fields before the beginning of spring.

Standard mixtures for seedlings usually include soil, humus, Iranian Pistachio perlite, and peat moss

This volume is different. This mixture is usually modified with some sand to drain, ventilate and improve the structure of soil texture.

A series of commercial mixtures of root fungi (mycorrhizae) organisms that can enter the soil

Added to improve the absorption of nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorus.

After transplanting the seedlings, they should be watered and fed, and every 10 days the cuttings

Remove the terminal buds for better growth.

When the seedlings have grown 24 to 40 cm, it is better with a trunk 90 cm long.

To protect them from the wind and close the proper growth.

Seedlings are usually transferred to pots with a diameter of 15 cm and a depth of 40-35 cm

They find that some are better than paper pots

Use that they can be transferred directly to the main ground and less to the roots

Harmed.

Plastic pots of the same size are also frequently used in plastic pots

It is very durable and stable and prevents the evaporation of potting soil.

Plastic pots are also more resistant during transport, but this plastic must be removed at the time of planting.

Seedlings of pistachio rootstocks are very sensitive and should be very careful during transportation and planting.

Condition and price of pistachios in the last days of the year Iranian Pistachio and Nowruz in Rafsanjan

Considering that we have the last days of 1394 and as we approach the days of Eid, the market of discounts and prices is also booming. Undoubtedly, pistachio is one of the first-class nuts and has many fans, especially Rafsanjan pistachio!

According to the report of Rafsanjan pistachio site, which he did with pistachio suppliers (shopkeepers) this morning, March 29, the bazaars believe that the price of pistachios depends less on a special occasion such as Eid and the higher prices of pistachio cultivars depend on its export abroad. It also depends on the price of the dollar.

For example, the price of pistachios can become more expensive in December and cheaper in March and Eid, and vice versa. In any case, the price of pistachios can not be predicted. Also, due to the sufficient pistachios in the market and pistachio warehouses, we can be sure that we will not have a shortage of pistachios for Eid.

According to the Rafsanjan pistachio reporter, Rafsanjan bazaars due to the lack of attention of city officials to pistachios and its suppliers and the lack of a local celebration to harvest Rafsanjan pistachio, which is the largest pistachio producer in the world, and the quality of Rafsanjan pistachios can be seen in less places. Found complaining.

Meanwhile, other cities hold national festivals for their products, such as date flowers and roses, and most of the bazaars, which are also producers of pistachios, believe that pistachios can pave the way for more prosperity in Rafsanjan and can be invested properly. Let's see Rafsanjani better pistachio field.

The bazaars also announced the supply of pistachios in the last days of the year and even during Eid until the last hours of the night to Nowruz travelers and the people of Rafsanjan.

Proper potassium nutrition of pistachio trees is the key to efficiency and increased Iranian Pistachio yield in pistachio orchards. Studies show that the highest amount of potassium in the leaves is observed in August and September of each year, when the seeds go to the kernel or fill in the leaves.

Therefore, in this critical time period, the tree should not be deficient in potassium; Especially the potassium available in the roots. It has been found that the amount of potassium uptake in pistachio trees is relatively low in May and the amount of potassium uptake from the soil is at its lowest level.

Potassium concentrations in the leaves of pistachio trees are estimated to be below 1% in spring, and this concentration increases dramatically during fruit growth and development; Especially in the months of July to September. Finally, at the time of puberty and the end of skin and brain formation and the end of the growth period, ie approximately in September, we will have the maximum absorption of potassium from pistachio roots.

The concentration of potassium in the leaves decreases abruptly in October, the post-harvest period; Specialized channel of vegetation and agriculture, therefore, there is no need to use potash fertilizer in the post-harvest period in pistachio orchards; Whether as a foliar spray or as a soil application.

Symptoms of crown and root rot of pistachios in the garden are varied and green as the trees dry Iranian Pistachio out, reduced leaf cover and chlorosis and necrosis of leaves. The discoloration and yellowing of the leaves starts from the end of the leaf and after a while, it covers the entire surface of the leaf and causes the leaves to deform and fall off. Finally, as the disease progresses, the fungus that causes the disease causes the tree to dry out.

Trees in infected orchards may show different symptoms; in trees grafted on sensitive rootstocks, the symptoms are green drying of the whole tree. However, in trees that are highly resistant to the disease, the symptoms are observed in the form of reduced leaf cover, branch dryness, reduced yield, leaf deformation and gradual death of the tree.

What is the pollination like in pistachio Iranian Pistachio trees?

Pollination and transfer of male pollen to female flowers ready for inoculation is done by wind. Insects do not play an important and effective role in this transfer. The female flower of the pistachio tree lacks the odor, nectar and special coloration needed to attract insects. Due to the dual rootstock of the pistachio tree, the presence of a male tree is essential for pollination of the pistachio tree.

The presence of wind is a key factor in the movement of male pollen. If it rains or the relative humidity is high during the pollination season, the male pollen grains become swollen and heavy with moisture absorption and the inoculation process becomes difficult.

For this reason, it is recommended to spray or fertilize the leaves at the time of pollination and during one step. Make sure that the male trees are not sprayed during this stage. After rain or foliar application, male trees are unable to produce pollen for at least two to three days.

Female flowers that have not been inoculated will shed in the millet stage. Therefore, the vacancy at the end of the season (at harvest time) has nothing to do with the pollination at the beginning of the season.

In fields with fresh water and soil, the germinated seeds intended for sowing Iranian Pistachio are sown in the place of the main land after the land has been plowed (reaching the field capacity limit). If the field soil is heavy, the inside of each pit is covered with sand in order to seal the seeds. This helps the plant to grow, because not only does it provide enough oxygen to the roots of the seedlings, but it also activates the beneficial aerobic organisms in the soil. The depth of seed sowing depends on the size of the seed (planting depth is about 2 to 5 times the diameter of the seed) In Iran, pistachio seeds are sown in two ways.

The first method of sowing pistachio seeds:

Sowing seeds in plastic pots in the greenhouse is at the end of September or the first of March. The seedlings are transferred to the main land after one year of growth in the greenhouse.

In the second method of planting pistachio seeds:

Seeds are sown directly in the ground in mid to late April. Some gardeners think that direct sowing of seeds in the mainland, although delayed in growth compared to potted seeds, will result in stronger plants than potted seedlings after a few years.

Shopping centers offer first-class natural dried fruits of this product with high quality and Iranian Pistachio pleasant taste for sale. The market for selling dried fruits is extremely prosperous and this product has a very high nutritional value. Dried fruits have many uses in the food industry and are used in the production of various food products.

It is exported and it is very profitable. These dried fruits have a very good shelf life and have a unique taste. The sale of dried fruits in the domestic market has been very prosperous, and this has led to the regulation of prices in the market and the elimination of prices and inflation. The sellers of dried fruits have considered the conditions to offer their products directly for sale with excellent and unique quality. The price of dried fruit is very cheap and very reasonable discounts will be included for customers.

It is possible to order this product directly from the manufacturer all over the country at a low cost. These products are excellent in terms of quality. This product is supplied all over the country at a reasonable and affordable price in the sales agents of this product. This food has a great value in nutrition sciences and is recommended for the treatment and prevention of many diseases.

Every year, with the onset of summer, in some pistachio orchards we Iranian Pistachio see the fall of leaves and sometimes clusters, which sometimes cause concern to farmers. So far, no research has been done on this subject, but the experiences of the past years show that along with the warming of the air and the increase of the plant's respiration rate, the increase of ethylene hormone causes the leaves and spikes to fall.

Specialized phytosanitary channel. Some factors exacerbate this complication. Such as waterlogging, the use of rotted manure, and هر In general, any complication that reduces the level of oxygen around the roots exacerbates the loss of leaves and fruit, which is temporary.

Calcium has an effective role in reducing the synthesis of ethylene in the plant. The penetration of calcium into the fruit reduces respiration and production of ethylene, and thus preserves and strengthens the fruit and stabilizes ACC oxidase activity. Farmers should consider this complication increases with irrigation. But this is temporary and usually stops after two or three days.

In general, this complication, except for the small damage that is imposed on the farmer by the fall of weak clusters, does not cause much concern and does not require special action. Unless the fall is severe and due to factors other than this and mechanical complications such as falling due to strong winds or hail.

We welcome the opinions of respected experts and farmers' experiences in understanding this complication as much as possible.

It causes a lot of damage to domestic and wild pistachios. This insect Iranian Pistachio excretes a lot of honey, which dries and whitens quickly in the presence of air, so this pest is called dry sap in the local language. Biology Adult overwintering insects Psyllids settle on trees from early April. These insects have more flight power than adult summer insects, causing more contamination in gardens. After mating, as soon as the buds of the clusters and leaves open, they lay eggs on them. The eggs are laid in numbers of 50 to 60, individually or in groups, in various shapes such as semicircles, spirals, etc. on the surface of the leaves and more close to the petals. The eggs usually hatch in 5 to 10 days. The nymphs start working and feeding in early May. The nymphal period is usually 20 days and the first generation of adult insects appear in large numbers in the garden from the end of the second decade of May. Different pistachio cultivars have different susceptibility to pistachio psyllid contamination. In general, the thinner, softer, wider, and larger the leaves of trees, the greater the tendency to attract adult psyllids and spawn. Akbari cultivar is more sensitive than other cultivars and Ouhadi cultivar is more resistant.

It is better not to dump the pistachio product directly on the floor of the Iranian Pistachio warehouse, but it is recommended to store the pistachio product in a bag or disinfected sacks. Pistachio bags should be spaced from the walls of the warehouse and mosaic pieces should be placed under the wide board bags.

If the number of sacks is large and takes up most of the storage space, the bags should be stacked in rows, a distance should be considered between the rows, or the so-called slave should be rotated to go and It is easy to inspect and inspect the bags and also the warehouse space ventilation and disinfection fumigation can be done effectively.

Wet pistachios are susceptible to pests or become moldy. Therefore, moistened Iranian Pistachio pistachio kernels are a favorable environment for the growth and multiplication of various molds, including aflatoxin-producing fungi or molds, and especially find great potential for the growth of type I fungi. These fungi grow rapidly in moistened nuts that have a moisture content of less than 13% and secrete some poison into the pistachios while spoiling the nuts.

The fight against this fungus inside the pistachio kernel has remained almost unresolved to this day. While it is possible to kill this fungus with chemicals and fungicides, the problem is that these chemicals and fungicides, in turn, are harmful to human health and some of them are more toxic than aflatoxin poison. The ability of pistachio kernels to contaminate such substances.

The most important factor in preventing the occurrence of fungi

Therefore, the same Persian proverb (in preventing the occurrence of these fungi) is a real, worthy and measured example that has a world of wisdom and experience of our ancestors, they have said: the event must be treated before it occurs. Therefore, the most important factor in preventing the occurrence of these fungi is to keep the pistachio crop away from any contact with moisture.

Because humidity and humid conditions are the environment that provides the growth and development of fungi and molds. Fortunately, the arid and semi-desert conditions of pistachio-rich regions of Iran are a great barrier to the growth and reproduction of these fungi, while in the Mediterranean or wetter climates of most pistachio-growing regions of the world, a favorable ground for the growth and multiplication of these fungi naturally. Is provided.

Accordingly, Iranian pistachio crop on the tree is less likely to be affected by this pest. Unless harvesting is delayed, or for some reason is not done in time and is exposed to autumn rains. Or untimely and untimely rainfall of the pistachio crop on the tree, in this case, a humid environment and the necessary conditions for the reproduction and activity of these fungi may be prepared.

Dried mango is one of the most popular and popular dried fruits Iranian Pistachio that has numerous properties and benefits and can be a very good alternative to candy and chocolate. Due to its high fiber content, it increases energy, relieves fatigue and improves gastrointestinal function.

Dried mango fruit is offered in two major and minor forms in both foreign and Iranian types and according to market needs in different packages. To buy the best dried mango, which is usually in the form of large slices with bright colors and excellent quality and can be consumed with nuts, you can proceed online by visiting the online stores of dried fruits. These stores try to satisfy the customer by offering the best and most quality product and giving comprehensive and sufficient information about the product and the current price of this product.

Investigate the reasons for the benefits of using Iranian Pistachio biological fertilizers

Surface soil is full of living and active microorganisms, some of which play an essential role in root growth and consequently the biological function of the crop. Beneficial bacteria and fungi in the soil, by secreting various growth regulators, in addition to preventing damage by harmful fungi and soil bacteria in the rhizosphere, provide the conditions for the plant to absorb the necessary elements and stabilize the soil. In this regard, the production of sulfur-degrading thiobacilli, mycorrhiza fungi and… can be mentioned. Hooker fertilizer is a combination of beneficial microorganisms, especially Bacillus, which was first introduced in Japan about 40 years ago. There are many benefits to using this fertilizer, which you can read the full description and benefits by visiting the purchase page of this fertilizer.

Equipping pistachio orchards with drip Iranian Pistachio irrigation

The director of Rafsanjan Agricultural Jihad said: in total, 10% of Rafsanjan pistachio orchards are equipped with pressurized irrigation. Reza Bomani stated in an interview with Mehr: At present, 6530 hectares of pressurized irrigation has been implemented in the city and we are also implementing about 500 hectares.

He stated: "Currently, we are working on 3,000 hectares of gardens in Rafsanjan for pressurized irrigation, and their case has been completed and we are waiting for their credit." The official said: frost before the year on the 5th of Esfand, when the temperature dropped by 3.5 degrees below zero, and on March 11th, the temperature reached 3 degrees below zero, and the sum of these two frosts damaged early cultivars such as Ahmad Aghaei and Koleghoochi.

Bemani considered the damage caused to Rafsanjan pistachios due to frost last year as high and specified: Nearly 270 billion Tomans were damaged to pistachio cultivars due to this frost.

The director of Rafsanjan Agricultural Jihad continued: "During the Eid, both the storm and the loss disrupted pollination, and the late-flowering cultivar, like Akbari, was fertilized when it became hot and experienced a temperature of 30 degrees, and this also caused damage." Reported that it is being prepared.

Pistachio resistance to soil conditions

Since pistachios are resistant to salinity of water and Iranian Pistachio soil, desert and saline lands where the production of other agricultural products is not easily possible or a suitable and economical product is not harvested can be allocated for the construction of pistachio orchards, usually the price of such lands It is very low and with less investment, a larger area can be planted with pistachios.

Pistachio resistance to dehydration and compatibility

Due to the tolerance of pistachios to drought and water shortage and its relative resistance to cold and heat and the high adaptation that it shows in different conditions, the construction of pistachio orchards is less risky, especially since the water consumption of pistachio orchards is less than other fruits. And will be much lower if pressurized irrigation systems are used.

Long life of pistachio tree

Fruit trees often have a shorter lifespan than pistachios, mostly between 10 and 50 years, while pistachio trees have several times the lifespan of fruit trees, so investing in pistachio cultivation will make the growing season longer and more economical.

Value of pistachio production compared to other agricultural products

The income from one hectare of pistachio orchard is much higher than other agricultural products if the necessary care is taken.

Export value of pistachios compared to other agricultural products

Pistachio is one of the major export products of Iran. In addition to its value in the country, it has many customers abroad, so it is considered as a valuable and export product. On the other hand, due to the limited number of pistachio producing countries and almost It is an exclusive product, therefore, due to the mass production and quality of Iranian pistachios, this product has been ranked first in the world markets among producers.